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Career Details

19-2012.00 - Physicists


Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.


Key Facts
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Bright Outlook
Career Details
Green Job
Career Details
Current Employment
18,100
Estimate
Forecasted Employment
19,500
Estimate
Change in Employment
+1,400
Estimate
Change in Employment %
+7.9%
Estimate
Tasks
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Tasks
The tasks listed below can be performed to prepare you for a career in this field.
Core
  • Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.
  • Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.
  • Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.
  • Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.
  • Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.
  • Teach physics to students.
  • Write research proposals to receive funding.
Supplemental
  • Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.
  • Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.
  • Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.
  • Develop manufacturing, assembly, and fabrication processes of lasers, masers, infrared, and other light-emitting and light-sensitive devices.
  • Conduct application evaluations and analyze results to determine commercial, industrial, scientific, medical, military, or other uses for electro-optical devices.
  • Develop standards of permissible concentrations of radioisotopes in liquids and gases.
  • Conduct research pertaining to potential environmental impacts of atomic energy-related industrial development to determine licensing qualifications.
  • Advise authorities of procedures to be followed in radiation incidents or hazards, and assist in civil defense planning.
All data sourced from US Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration O*Net Database.
Knowledge
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Knowledge

The items listed below are organized into sections that contain knowledge useful for pursuing a career in this field. Each section also contains a "Percentage of Importance" statistic that shows how relevant an item is to the occupation.
 Physics
  • 98%
    Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub- atomic structures and processes.
 Mathematics
  • 96%
    Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
 Engineering and Technology
  • 91%
    Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
 Computers and Electronics
  • 88%
    Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
 English Language
  • 74%
    Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
 Education and Training
  • 68%
    Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
 Chemistry
  • 64%
    Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
 Administration and Management
  • 53%
    Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
 Communications and Media
  • 52%
    Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
All data sourced from US Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration O*Net Database.
Tools
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Tools
The tools listed below include machines, equipment, tools, and software that is useful for individuals who are interested in this career.
 Electrical measuring and testing equipment and accessories
  • Accelerometers
  • Capacitance bridges
  • Digital multimeters
  • Digital oscilloscopes
  • Digital voltmeters DVM
  • Galvanostats
  • Ionization chambers
  • Nanovoltmeters
  • Two-channel dynamic signal analyzers
 Light and wave generating and measuring equipment
  • Analog frequency analyzers
  • Arbitrary function generators
  • Argon ion lasers
  • Diode lasers
  • Function generators
  • Helium lasers
  • Interferometers
  • Laser power meters
  • Mickelson interferometers
  • Microwave interferometers
  • Multiple diode lasers
  • Optical detectors
  • Photometers
  • Photon counting systems
  • Portable fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Pulsed nitrogen lasers
  • Radiofrequency RF generators
  • Signal generators
  • Single frequency dye lasers
  • Spectrum analyzers
  • Two-channel fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Zeeman split lasers
 Sound generating and measuring equipment
  • Analog sound level meters
  • Digital sound level meters
  • Pistonphones
  • Sound intensity probes
 Weight measuring instruments
  • Analytical balances
  • Big G torsion balances
  • Spring scales
 Laboratory furnaces and accessories
  • Annealing furnaces
  • Laboratory box furnaces
  • Laboratory tube furnaces
 Spectroscopic equipment
  • Atomic absorption AA spectrometers
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrometers
  • Gamma ray spectrometers
  • High-resolution spectrometers
  • Isotope ratio mass spectrometers
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Prism spectrometers
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Visible spectrometers
  • X ray photoemission spectrometers
 Chromatographic measuring instruments and accessories
  • Atomic emission detectors AED
  • Gas chromatography equipment
  • Gas chromatography GC injectors
  • Headspace autosamplers
  • Photodetectors
 Viewing and observing instruments and accessories
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Electron microscopes
  • Friction-force microscopes
  • Magnetic force microscopes
  • Measuring microscopes
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Scanning tunneling microscopes STM
  • Telescopes
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
 Medical linear accelerators and related products
  • Betatrons
  • Cyclotrons
  • High-energy accelerators
  • Linear accelerators
  • Positive ion accelerators
 Optical filters
  • Cavity dumpers or drivers
  • Pinhole filters
 Laboratory cooling equipment
  • Cryostats
  • Helium refrigerators
 Computers
  • Desktop computers
  • Laptop computers
  • Personal computers
 Laboratory pumps and tubing
  • Diffusion pumps
  • Laboratory centrifugal pumps
 Fluid mechanics equipment
  • Diffusion-pumped vacuum systems
  • High vacuum equipment
  • Turbo-pumped vacuum systems
  • Vacuum stations
 Computer printers
  • Digital plotters
 Chemical evaluation instruments and supplies
  • Double monochromators
  • Grating monochromators
  • Monochromators
  • Scanning monochromators
 Nuclear physics materials
  • Geiger-Muller counters
 Lamps and lightbulbs
  • High intensity UV sources
 Diodes
  • High-resolution semiconductor detectors
 Cameras
  • High-speed video cameras
 Electrical physics materials
  • Laboratory electromagnets
 Crystallography equipment
  • Light scattering devices
  • X ray crystallography equipment
 Gas analyzers and monitors
  • Liquid helium level sensors
 Medical magnetic resonance imaging MRI products
  • Magnetic resonance imaging MRI systems
 Indicating and recording instruments
  • Neutron detectors
  • Particle counters
  • Scintillation probes
  • Thermoluminescent dosimeters
  • Vernier force sensors
 Miscellaneous optical components
  • Optical beamsplitting devices
  • Optical choppers
  • Optical tables
  • Programmable phase modulators
 Electronic and communication measuring and testing instruments
  • Semiconductor parameter analyzers
  • Two-channel network analyzers
All data sourced from US Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration O*Net Database.
Technology
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Technology
The technologies listed below include machines, equipment, tools, and software that is useful for individuals who are interested in this career.
 Computer game or entertainment software
  • Adobe Systems Adobe Audition
 Content authoring and editing software
  • Adobe Systems Adobe PhotoshopHOT
  • GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMP
  • Lenox Softworks VideoPoint
  • Microsoft ExcelHOT
  • Microsoft PowerPointHOT
  • Microsoft WordHOT
  • Ploticus
  • Scribus
  • Xfig
  • XV
 Business function specific software
  • Ansible softwareHOT
  • Microsoft OfficeHOT
 Industry specific software
  • Aptech Systems GAUSS
  • Autodesk AutoCADHOT
  • CERN Physics Analysis Workstation PAW
  • CERN ROOT
  • COMSOL Multiphysics
  • Criss Software XRF11
  • Dose modeling software
  • Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System EPICS
  • GNU Octave
  • Gnuplot
  • Maplesoft Maple
  • Mathsoft MathcadHOT
  • OriginLab Origin
  • Radiation dose calculation software
  • REDUCE
  • RibbonSoft QCadHOT
  • RSI interactive data language IDL software
  • SciGraphica
  • SciLab
  • Spectral Dynamics STAR
  • Spectroscopy software
  • Statistical software
  • Synergy Software KaleidaGraph
  • Systat Software SigmaPlot
  • The MathWorks MATLABHOT
  • Vector Fields OPERA-3d
  • Video analysis software
  • Wolfram Research Mathematica
 Development software
  • Assembler
  • C
  • C++HOT
  • Eclipse IDEHOT
  • Extensible markup language XMLHOT
  • Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
  • JavaScriptHOT
  • Microsoft AzureHOT
  • Microsoft Visual BasicHOT
  • Microsoft Visual C++
  • Microsoft Visual J++
  • National Instruments LabVIEWHOT
  • Oracle JavaHOT
  • Pascal
  • Practical extraction and reporting language PerlHOT
  • PuppetHOT
  • PythonHOT
  • Software development tools
  • Sun Microsystems Java
  • VMwareHOT
 Operating environment software
  • LinuxHOT
  • Microsoft WindowsHOT
  • UNIXHOT
 Data management and query software
  • Microsoft AccessHOT
  • MySQLHOT
  • OpenStack
  • Oracle softwareHOT
  • SQLite
  • Structured query language SQLHOT
All data sourced from US Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration O*Net Database.
Certifications
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Certifications
The certifications listed below are useful to pursue if you are interested in a career in this field.
 Specialty
 Advanced
 Core
All data sourced from US Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration O*Net Database.
Licensing
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Licensing
The licensing information below is organized into sections and is useful for pursuing if you are interested in a career in this field.
No specific licensing information is listed for this occupation in the area you have selected.
All data sourced from US Department of Labor, Employment & Training Administration O*Net Database.
Related Programs
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Online Programs related to this career, offered by participating institution(s), are listed below.

Clicking on the Degree programs in the list below will take you away from the Careers page.
INSTITUTION
PROGRAMS
J Sargeant Reynolds Community College
Mountain Gateway Community College
Northern Virginia Community College
Virginia Peninsula Community College
Wytheville Community College